Bekjamif scaeles



(No Model.) A

B. SOARLES. PROGESS OF GALVANIZING AND TINNING WIRE CLOTH,

WIRE NETTING, &c

Patented Apr. 19, 1887.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFIC BENJAMIN SCABLES, or CL rnToN, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGN'OR or one-HALF- To THE CLINTON WIRE CLOTH COMPANY, or SAME PLACE.

PROCESS OF GALVANIZING AND TIN NING WIRE-CLOTH, WlBli-NETTING, 8L0.

' SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 3 61.,550, dated April 19, 1887.

Application filed October 18,1886. Serial No. 216,482. (Ne model.)

To all whom it may concern I Beit known that I, BENJAMIN SCARLES,. leaving it too thick in others. Asbestus, being of Clinton, in the county of Worcester, State of of a fibrous nature, is more objectionable in Massachusetts, haveinventedaeertain new and some respects than sand, as its action is dis- 5 useful Improvement in theProcess of Galvautinctly that of a wiper, thereby destroying the 8m, of which the following is a description with a comparatively dull and unfinished apsufficiently full, clear, and exact to enable any pearance. j I person skilled in the art or science to which said My invention is designed, to obviate these invention appertains to makeand usethe same, difficulties or objections, and tolthat end I reference being had to the accompanying drawmake use of means which will be readily un- 60 ings, forming part of this specification, in derstood by all conversant with such matters whichby the following explanation:

Figure 1 is an isometrical perspective view In the drawings, A represents the furnace,

r 5 illustrating the method of using my. improve- B the pot, and C the guide, these parts ,being ment, 2. portion of the furnace and pot being of the ordinary form or construction. 65 represented as removed, and Figs. 2 and 3 The galvanizing or tinning materials I), of diagrams introduced to exemplify certain dewhich the coating is composed, are placed in tails pertaining thereto. 4 the pot B, being kept in a molten state and at Like letters of reference indicate'cor'respondthe proper temperature in the usual manner.

ing parts in the different figures of the draw- A flux of sal-ammoniac or other suitable ma- 0 ings. terials, E, is placed on the molten metal D, at

It is well known that in galvanizing or tinone side of the guide O, and'astratum or layer ning wire-cloth, wire-netting, 8w, by the orof coke, H, on the opposite side, the flux-and dinary process the web is passed into the pot coke being of less specific gravity than the removing it almost entirely in some places and 5o izing and Tinning Wire-0loth, Wire-Netting, grains or gloss of the coating and leaving it 5 through afiux of sal-ammoniac or similar submetal, and of course floating thereon. The 75 stance torbrighten it or remove the oxide, guide 0 is partially submerged in the metal, then through the molten metal constituting and extends above the surface of the-same a I the coating material, and finally through a snfficient distance to su'bserve'as a'dam or par-' stratum of sand or asbestus, to wipe ofi or retit-ion, to keep the coke and flux properly 'sepmove the surplus coating material, the flux and a-rated. 8o sand or asbestus, as the case may be, being In carrying out my improvement the web placed on the molten metal in the pot, and the of wire cloth or netting J is drawn by suitable flux separated by a partition from the wiping .mechanism (not shown) downwardly through material. The employment of sand has, howthe flux E, into the molten metalD, thence beever,been found to be objectionable forseveral nea'th the guide C,upwar dly through the coke 8 reasons. Being very heavy, its weight causes H, being galvanized or tinned on its passage the web, more especially in light fabrics havin a manner which will be readily obvious ing fine meshes, to sag at or near the center, without a more explicit description.

4.0 and thus displace the wires of which it is com- The coke is used as a wip'erin place of the posed, the wires'becoming permanently fixed sand or asbestus usually employed, and, being 0 in a wrong position when the galvanizing or of small specific" gravity, does not operate to tinniug material with which they are coated sag the web or displace the wires of which it- I cools. The finer grains or particles of sand is composed; neither does it adhere to or beare alsoliable to become embedded in the coatcome mixed with the coating material on the ing, and thus give it a.rough unfinished apwires as the web is passed through it, being, pearanoe, and sometimes the grains adhere on account of its extreme lightness, floated out w to each other, thereby forming slag or of or expelled from the same before it cools, lumps, which act injuriously on the coating, and leaving an exceedingly smooth and bri1- 5s carried from thebottom to the top of the layer.

liant surface, which Ihavefonnd itiinpossible V to produce when any other wiper with which I am familiaris employed.

Coke, being a product of mineral or pittcoal and devoid of nearly all the elements which would render .itreadily combustible, -retains the heat from the molten metal on which it floats without. being consumed thereby, and, being very light, a very thick layer maybe employed, thusbringing a greater working-.

, surface, so to speak,-in contact with the web is used.

than is possible when either sand or asbestos As the coating on the wires begins to cool or harden at the point wherethe web leaves the surface of the molten inetal and passes upwardly into the wiper, it is important that it should not cool too rapidly or before the surpluscoat ng material has been re moved,:and 118110611115 necessary, in order to produce the best result, that thewiper should not only: be

'- respect will be apparentby reference to Figs.

2 and 3; In Fig. 2 it will be observed that the layer of coke H presents a very large contact or work ng surface to the web J and, as the particles or pieces of which the layer is composed are very light and the layer comparatlvely thick, the coke is disturbed for a considerable distance at either-side ot the web as it is drawn upward, thereby enabling the' particles which are" brought into immediate contact-with the web in removing the-surplus coating material to be properly reheated before being again brought into service. For instance, the particle w, resting on the molten inetal, will be of substantially the same tem perature, but as it is carried upward. by the webwill lose aportion of its heat in perform-- ing its work, so that when it reaches the point Y o it will be comparatively cool, but it will then mal'temperature.

bet-brown outwardly and fall to the point m, J from whenceit will be carried, as the mass-revolves, to the point x forfurther service, being heated on its journey from -m to a; toits nor- The operation of the grains of sand, as shown in Fig. 3, is similar to'that 'of the particles of coke; but, as the sand is of greater specific gravity, its grains, afterfbeing the wiping material when sand orasbestos F by the rising web, fall againin'to their original position, or nearly so, and hencev do not become heated properly in traversing from m a to w, the.distance between these two points in Fig; 3 being muchless'than in Fig. 2. 5 In galvanizing or 'nning 'wire' fabrics in the manner described gases are sometimes generated, which become confined in and beneath are used for that purpose, and, unless great i care is exercised, bubbles will form, which inf-,- terferc with the proper coating of the wires.

The use of coke obviates this difficulty,'as it is sufficiently porous to permit the-escapeof the gases and yet adapted to retain suflicicnt heat to melt-01'1" the surplns'coating material, I

, It will be understood that the coke is broken up into particles or pieces corresponding in size with the character of the work, the pieces being quite small for the finer grades oi cloth or netting and larger for the coarser grades-I I do'not confine myself to the use of the flux E disposed on the metal D-or in any other po.--

sition, as a flux may be dispensed with when the wires of which the web J is composed are not suiliciently oxidized to prevent the coat-v ing material from adhering properly; neither do .I-confine myself to any special form of guide V 0, nor to any special means for immersing the web J, nor to the use of the coke in coating wire-cloth and wire-netting only-, as it may be employed to good advantage in coating otherv articles with metal 'in the but,' v

Having thus explained'niy invention, what I claim is V manner described;

- 1. That improvement in theart of coating or galvanizing metallic articles which consists in subjectingsuch articles to the action of a molten-metal bath and to the wiping action ofiioating particles of cokeon said bath.

i 2. ln'the art of galvanizing or tinning wire cloth, wire-netting, and other'articles, passing the clot-h, netting, or articles to be coated through a flux of sal-aminoniac or similar material, then into a mass of molten metal or coating material contained in a suitable pot or vessel, and withdrawing the same through a wiper composed of coke, the flux and wiper being disposed on said molten metal in the pot and' separated by a dam or partition, substantially I as described. a BENJAMIN SCARLES. I Witnesses; p HENRY K. SwmsooE,

Louis G. BECK. 

